Window Sash Repairs

Window sashes need to be regularly checked for mold, mildew and damage. By catching these problems early you can save money on future repairs.

The sash is an inside frame that is able to move up and down vertically in windows that are open. This article will show you how to do simple repairs to sash.

Weather Stripping

Wooden window sashes can give an elegant appearance to your home. They are also sturdy and last for a long time provided they are properly maintained. They may, however, become damaged or degraded with time due to exposure or normal wear. Fortunately, sash repair specialists can restore your windows back to their original condition and maintain their appearance for longer than replacement windows.

The first step for sash window repairs is addressing weather stripping, which can be found on both the sash and frame. It can cause drafts if it's damaged or is loose. To fix it, begin by finding your window brand and glass manufacturer date (etched in the corner of the glass or on the aluminum spacer between panes). Remove the sash, and mark its size and width so that you can purchase replacement weather stripping that matches.

Then, take it off and set it on a table so you can access all four sides. If your sash has been double-hung, remove the ropes and weights that should be buried within the jamb lining. After you've removed the sash, use a utility knife to remove the weather stripping that was formerly in place at the corners, then remove it manually or with a putty knife.

When the sash is clean it is time to replace the parting stops. These are long pieces wood that divide the two sashes. Pam prefers the standard 1/2-inch by 3/4-inch window trimming from the lumberyard. However, you can also substitute for a scrap piece of lumber.

After removing the stopper for the parting and trimming it to length after which, apply a thin layer of glazing compound to the bottom of the sash. Smooth out the compound using your putty knife, then let it dry for a minimum of a day. After the putty has completely cured and dried, you can apply a topcoat of acrylic latex. This will help protect the putty and give your sash a modern appearance.

Sash Hardware

The hardware that supports windows sashes can become worn out over time and use. This can result in a door or a window that is difficult to open or close. It's good to know that replacing and repair of this hardware is typically easy and affordable. If you're having difficulty opening a sash, spray some lubricant into the jamb channel. Then, slide the sash out to see if this resolves the problem. If not, the problem is likely with the sash balance, and you'll have to take off the sash in order to access this hardware.

Sashes for windows should be able to be able to open and close with minimal effort. However, this can be a challenge if the weights have been worn out or the sash-to-rail connecting rail isn't properly glazed. This problem can be caused by a number of reasons, such as lack of maintenance or by an incorrect weight rating for the particular sash.

If the hinges on windows begin to slide, this could cause the sash to drag and eventually hit against the frame at the opposite corner (Photo 1). To fix the problem ensure that the sash is aligned in the frame opening and then remove it. If the sash is secured to the hinge arm, you'll need to remove the hinge arm and replace it (Photo 2). Then, you can install the new sash (Photo 3).

Due to hinges that are sagging, and a general lack in energy efficiency, older windows particularly those in older homes, can be difficult to open or close. In many instances, a few minor repairs can transform these windows into smooth operators for the first time and save the homeowner cash on energy costs.

To complete these repairs to sash it is essential to have all of the necessary tools in place before you begin. Start by marking the location of the hinge channel on the frame with a pencil (Photo 1). This will help you get the channel back on place correctly when you're finished. Remove the sash and take out all the hardware including the parting beads, cords, and chains that hold the sash in place. Soften any hardened putty using an electric heat gun set to medium and fitted with an shield for the nozzle. Remove the old sash, and put it in a labeled bag.

Sash Weights

Whether your window sash repairs are to replace a broken cord or just to keep your windows functioning by replacing worn out weights on sash can improve sash operation and cut down on the energy cost. Sash weights are composed of heavy iron or lead cylinders that are encased in a concealed cavity and connected by a rope to the movable window sash. These weights function as counterbalances, allowing you to open and shut the window without the need for mechanical or electrical devices. If they fail, sashweights are usually neglected or not used by homeowners.

A sash weight that has fallen out of the cavity is difficult to retrieve, so you will want to locate a new one that fits properly. You will also require a new piece string, a length of sashcord and some sashpulleys to tie the weights you are replacing to the cord.

Older wood windows are joined with mortise and tenon joints. Pin punch and hammer can be used to take out the wood pegs that hold the components together. The majority of these pegs have a large diameter on one side and a smaller one on the other side, so it is crucial to take out the smaller-diameter sides first. Later sashes utilized glue instead of pins. They can be separated by using a knife or mallet.

After the sash has been removed, you can remove the sash stop and access the weight pocket. Usually, this is done through an opening at the bottom of each jamb. This hole is covered with an unfinished wooden panel that can be removed to reveal the interior workings.

After you have the sash stopped and the access panel removed, you will be able to remove the weight of the old sash and replace it with new. Be sure to weigh the sash first, as the weights you've got may not be the right size. After the new weight is installed then tie a string to it and thread it through the sash pulley. Then, you can nail the string to the frame, but leave a few inches of string sticking out from the head for future adjustments.

Sash Cords

In the majority of double-hung windows, a chain or cord is affixed to the weights. This helps keep the sashes of the jamb balanced. Over time, these cords may become damaged and make it difficult to raise windows. A new sash cable can restore the ability to move and lower the sash, and keep it in position when opened.

The first step to replace sash cords is to locate and take out the access panels located in the jambs. They are usually screwed or nailed in and must be removed. You may be able to employ a hammer and chisel for removing them however, it is always best to lay down dust sheets prior to commencing any work.

Once the access panel is removed, you can begin working on the sash. Make the small parting beads (also called "tie rails") out of their grooves using flat bar or chisel. It is important to be patient, as these are often wedged or nailed in place. If the sash is in place, remove the mortise and tenon joints using pin punch and hammer or screwdriver, then unhook the wood pegs that are on the components. The sash should be able move around freely now, however it might require some lubrication to feel less stiff.

Determine the length of the sash chain or sash cord required to reach the sash slot on the bottom of the pulley at the top of the jamb. Cut the cord/chain and then attach it as described in Step 6 above. You can employ a hammer, screws or nails, but nails are less likely to cause damage.

It's best to leave the original weights in place unless you have purchased a kit that will replace the counterbalance. It's not expensive to buy them from architectural salvage stores and they will be easy to install once you have the sash unlocked. Depending on the dimensions and shape of your window you may require one or two sashweights to keep the sash open.